Comprehensive diagnostics of slope and slope deformations using drones, ground-penetrating radar and satellite interferometric monitoring

The article discusses the complex process of diagnosing slope and slope deformation through the combined use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), ground-penetrating radar (GPR), and satellite interferometric monitoring. The article emphasizes that deformation processes can often occur covertly and be accelerated by factors such as humidification, seasonal freezing and thawing cycles, intense precipitation, and human activities. Traditional observation methods often lack the ability to provide sufficient information on the underlying causes and mechanics of these displacements.

The article describes a method that utilizes UAVs to precisely record surface changes, GPR to detect subsurface inhomogeneities, and InSAR to generate spatially distributed displacement time series over large areas. This approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the deformation process and its various contributing factors. A simple algorithm for data integration is presented, including the unification of spatial and temporal reference systems, quality-filtering, allocation of activity areas, their detailed analysis, and final risk categorization. The procedure for practical implementation at a selected site is also described.