Impact of Low Energy Availability on Hormonal Profiles and Athletic Performance
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Suela Xhufi, Dhurata Bozo
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Background: Low energy availability in athletes impacts hormonal regulation, especially in females. Insufficient caloric intake affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, causing decreased pulsatile release of hormones and a reduction in estradiol production, leading to functional hypothalamic amenorrhea.
Aim of study: This study aims to explore the specific impacts of low energy availability on hormonal profiles and athletic performance, focusing on the relationship between estradiol levels and performance outcomes in female athletes.
Methods: A literature review examined the impact of LEA on hormonal profiles and athletic performance, focusing on Albanian female athletes and cultural and nutritional factors.
Results: The findings indicate that lower estradiol levels negatively impact mitochondrial function, leading to decreased endurance performance and prolonged recovery periods. Chronic energy shortages increase cortisol levels, impacting menstrual cycles and increasing musculoskeletal injuries. Monitoring hormonal profiles is crucial for early detection and prevention.
Discussion: The study highlights the significant impact of Leukemia-associated autoimmune disease (LEA) on hormonal profiles and athletic performance in female athletes, emphasizing the importance of estradiol balance for optimal health outcomes.
Conclusion: Estradiol regulates body composition, energy use, and performance in female athletes, especially under low energy availability. Addressing sociocultural factors requires culturally appropriate methods, psychological support, and nutritional education. Future initiatives should integrate multidisciplinary support networks.
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Authors
Suela Xhufi, Dhurata Bozo
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