Dynamics of Geochemical Anomalies in Groundwater Before Earthquakes
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Parvana Abdulrazagova
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This study investigates hydrogeochemical anomalies in groundwater as potential precursors to seismic events in Azerbaijan. Long-term monitoring in the Shamakhi region, including data from the Baku (2000) and Shamakhi (2019) earthquakes, reveals consistent pre-seismic variations in sulfate, hydrogencarbonate, carbonate, and alkali metal ions (Na, K), along with shifts in redox potential and helium emissions. These anomalies typically emerged 1–16 days before earthquakes and were recorded at multiple stations. The findings support hydrogeochemical analysis as a valuable complement to traditional seismic forecasting and highlight the need for expanded monitoring networks to enhance spatial resolution and early warning systems. This work contributes to integrated seismic hazard assessment by combining geophysical, geochemical, and remote sensing methods.
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Authors
Parvana Abdulrazagova
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References:
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