FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF COMPLEX SUBORDINATE SENTENCES IN TURKIC LANGUAGES (BASED ON AZERBAIJANI LANGUAGE)
Authors
Akhmadova Faqana Mammadali kyzy
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The article examines the formation and the main stages in the development of complex subordinate sentences in the Turkic languages, based on Azerbaijani as one of the most representative languages of the Oghuz group. It explores the historical evolution of the means of expressing subordination — from intonational patterns and asyndetic structures to the formation of a developed system of conjunctions, connective words, morphological markers, and functional elements. The role of intonation, verbal morphological forms, affixes, and functional parts of speech in the emergence and structural complication of complex subordinate constructions is analyzed. Special attention is given to controversial issues concerning the syntactic status of participial and converbal constructions within the system of subordinate clauses, particularly their relation to predicative structures and the problem of distinguishing between phrase syntax and sentence syntax. The functioning of the conjunction ki, the processes of its grammaticalization, semantic differentiation, and its role in establishing subordinate relations in various types of complex subordinate sentences are examined in detail. On the basis of comparative-typological and historical-comparative analysis, the study identifies both common and distinctive features of complex subordinate structures in Azerbaijani and other Turkic languages, and traces the interrelation between the development of subordination and the evolution of the written literary norm. It is demonstrated that the increasing structural complexity of complex subordinate sentences is directly connected with the development of abstract thinking, the expansion of functional styles, and the refinement of syntactic means of text organization, as well as with the general tendency toward structural standardization and normalization of the literary language in historical perspective. The obtained results make it possible to clarify the typological position of Azerbaijani within the system of Turkic languages in terms of the development of subordinate syntactic structures. The study also outlines перспективes for further research in the field of historical syntax and grammaticalization processes in the Turkic languages.
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Authors
Akhmadova Faqana Mammadali kyzy
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