Clinical, Morphological and Immunohistochemical Criteria for Predicting Recurrence of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors
Babakulov Sh.Kh., Nishonov D.A., Navruzova V.S., Babakulova Sh.Kh.
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Despite advances in surgical techniques, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is characterized by a high recurrence rate. Traditional prognostic systems do not always accurately assess the biological potential of the tumor, necessitating the search for additional molecular biomarkers. Aim. To evaluate the prognostic significance of pathomorphological parameters and immunohistochemical (IHC) markers (Ki-67, p53, E-cadherin) in assessing the risk of recurrence in patients with NMIBC. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive analysis of surgical material from 178 patients with NMIBC (stages Ta–T1) was conducted. IHC staining was used to determine the Ki-67 proliferation index, p53 expression, and E-cadherin levels. Results. A high Ki-67 index (>25%) and p53 overexpression were significantly correlated with decreased recurrence-free survival. Reduced E-cadherin expression was identified as a morphological marker of high invasive potential. Adjuvant therapy showed a positive effect on the morphological pattern of urothelial repair. Conclusion. The integration of Ki-67, p53, and E-cadherin into routine pathology significantly improves the accuracy of recurrence prediction and allows for a personalized treatment approach.
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Authors
Babakulov Sh.Kh., Nishonov D.A., Navruzova V.S., Babakulova Sh.Kh.
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