INTEGRATION OF COMPUTER SCIENCE IN NATURAL SCIENCES EDUCATION IN AZERBAIJAN: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES

This study explores the integration of computer science education into specialized systems within natural sciences faculties at Azerbaijani higher education institutions, focusing on practices, challenges, and development strategies. By employing a mixed-methods approach, the research analyzes the implementation and impact of four core technologies—IoT, microcontrollers (Arduino/Raspberry Pi), computational chemistry, and VR/AR—in enhancing STEM education. Case studies and experimental applications from institutions like Ganja State University and Baku State University reveal significant improvements in student engagement, experimental accuracy, and conceptual understanding. For instance, IoT applications in biology and agricultural sciences increased data reliability by 40%, while microcontroller-based experiments reduced measurement errors by 25%. VR/AR technologies improved comprehension of geological and astronomical concepts by up to 40%. However, challenges such as curriculum integration gaps, teacher training needs, and infrastructure disparities between urban and rural areas persist. The study concludes with actionable recommendations, including curriculum modernization, teacher professional development, and affordable open-source solutions, to strengthen Azerbaijan’s digital education framework and align it with global standards.