The performance styles and methods in the art of bakhshi in Kashkadarya

: In ancient times, the word “bakhshi” referred to a healer who treated patients using folk methods, performing rituals with a drum or other instruments to drive away evil spirits from the sick body (as preserved in current rituals like “kuch,” “qaytarma,” and “jahr”)—a shaman-bakhshi or shaman-folbinchi. In some regions, it also conveyed meanings related to “master”.